Mechanical movement.



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vIHNUHFI llummnmummnu lullin No. 841,443. PATENTED J'AN.'15, 1907. F. H.RICHARDS.. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR.19,1900.

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lllNl minas-.ses @n w d N s @M 7 ber, the-character of whichmovementsrela- TED srntrns FRANCIS Ii. RICHARDS. or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT..

No. 841,443. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 15, 1907.

Application led April 19. 1900. Serial No. 13.470.

To all whom, it may con/cern;

Beit known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS,

'a citizen of the United States, residing at a movement-transmitter, theparticular functionof which is not only to serve as an intermediatebetween the driving and driven members of the mechanism, but to causethe movement of the driven member to be of a variable nature relative tothat of the drivingmemben the transmitter being under the control of anI actuator, which may be operatively connected with either the drivingmember or the driven member or may constitute an factive element of someother mechanism..

In ordei'clearly to illustrate vmy invention in the form of aself-contained mechanism of comparatively simple construction` and torepresent an embodiment thereofin its bro ader aspects as regards thepossible variability in the character ofthe motion impartible to thedriven'member, the transmitter-actuator is t 3 5 Arepresentedintlie'accompanying drawings as being a cam, which may be mounted, asshown, directly on what I shall hereinafter designate as the drivingmember of the device, although the relation of the driving anddriven-members as t6 their respective functions may be reversed. Thedriving member is shown'as a shaft the movement of which is transferredthrough a series of gears to a Itransmitter and by it to another shaft(designated herein as the ."dr'iveni member) in such a manner that eachcom lete rotation of the driving member will prodiuce arpredeterminedvariable movement of the driven memtive to that' of the driving memberdepends upon the coniguration ofthe. transmitteractuator.)

p In the drawlngs accompanyingand forming part of this specification,Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation; of a'mechanism embodying myinvention. vFig. 2 is asection of` the same on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig-3is a simimanner in which the driven member is operated from the drivingmember and shows the resultant line `of such movement.

' Similarcharacters designate like parts in the different figures of thedrawings.

In the drawings, 10 designates the driving member or shaft, journaled inbearings 11 and 12 in' the-uprights 13 and 14, respectively, and havingmounted at one end therebe imparted from any'convenient source Aof powerby a belt. (Not shown.)

Journaled in bearings 16 and 17 in uprights 13 and 14, respectively, isa shaft 18, which' in this case constitutes the driven member ofthemechanism and supports a gear 19, in mesh with a gear 20, convenientlymade of the 'same size as the gear 19 and mounted on the shaft 10,-above mentioned. The. gear 19 is secured to or forms apart of thesleeve 20', whichis loosely held u on the 'shaft 18 and is vprovidednear one en thereof withgear-teeth 21, forming a pinion the rotarymovement of which is transferred through a differential train comprisinga .transmitter or intermediate 22 and an internal gear 23 to the shaft18, the latter gear being keyed to the shaft 18 and in .the presentembodiment of such a size relative to the pinion 21 as to have incomparison thereto a ratio of four to one, so that four rotations of thepinion will be required to cause one rotation ofthe internal gear 23.

In order to `produce a variable movement of the internal gear 23, theintermediate 22, constituting, as previouslystated, one element of adifferential train, is mounted to swing to and fro in the annular-s acebetween the pinion 21 and the interna gear 23, being journaled in thepresent construction upon a stud 24, secured to an overhanging arm 25,fastened by screws 26 to a rocker 27, said rocker bein adapted foroscillation about the axis of t e shaft 18, and thus being operable forlcausing an advancing and retreating movement of the stud 24', and withit the intermediate 22, as will be readily understood.

It is evident that when the axis of the intermediate 22 is heldstationary the internal or tooth. When the airis of saidintermediate',however, is caused to follow an arcear 23 will be rotated bythe pinion21 tooth lar view representing the parts in another position, and Fig. 4is a chart illustrating the of a pulley 15to which rotary motion may IOO, shaped path around the axis of shaft 18, an

diate the rocker 27, above mentioned, is provided, in ,the presentorganization of constructive details, with arms 28 and 29, the former ofwhich carries a roller 30, journaled on a stud 31, and is in engagementwith an actuator or cam, such as 32 while the arm 29 has a stud 33,carrying a roller 34 in engagement with a cam, such as 35, said camsbeing preferably so constructed and coacting in such a manner that whilethey serve to oscillate the differential train to and fro each alsoperforms the function of preserving the contact between the other camand its roller during eachrotation of the shaft 10.

Each of the studs 31 and 33 may have an eccentric portion whereby theroller thereon i may be adjusted into close contact with its 'particularcam as for taking up wear and also, if necessary, and by a propermanipulationof both eccentric ortions for slightly adjusting theposition ofj the rocker 27, and hence the position of the intermediate22. The studs 31 and 33 are also advantageously adjustably held on thearms 28 and ,29, the latter having their ends divided, as clearly shownin Figs. 1, 2, and `3, said divided ends being drawn together to bindthe studs by screws 36 and 37, respectively.

By the employment of two cams, as described, a ositively-controlledmovement is obtained, t e driven member being at all times underabsolute and perfect control, whereby any overthrow of the same isprevented.

The movement of the rocker is of course controlled bythe shape of therocker-actuator, and bymeans of an actuator of the proper configurationthe driven member may have imparted to it intermittent movements of avariable nature, as may be required in any particular case, while eachrotation ofthe driving member will result in the advancement of thedriven member by an amount equal to one-fourth of a rotation, providedthe ratio of gearing, as above described and shown in the drawings, ismaintained.

In the chart, (shown in Fig. 4,) which is a velocity and movementdiagram for a certain definite coniguration of cam-surfaces chosen forthe purpose of illustration and description, the horizontal base-line isdivided to represent the number of 4degrees of rotation ofthe drivingmember or of the pinion 21, which is driven from the driving member byone-to-one gearing, and therefore makes one rotation for each rotationof the drivingshaft. The internal gear 23 is driven from this pinion bythe transmitter or intermediate 22, but at aratio of one to four-inother words, for each movement of three hundred and sixty degrees of thepinion there will here he only ninety degrees of movement of theinternal gear. 1t is therefore evident that while, as represented in thechart, the base-line is divided to indicate three hundred and sixtydegrees (representing one rotation of the pinion) the vertical line atone end thereof should represent the corresponding ninety-degreemovement of the internal gear, and the line indicating the resultantangular movement of the internal gear during one rotation of the pinionshows that the accelerated movement of the internal gear takes placeonly7 during certain periods of the rotation of the pinion, the extentand location of such periods being determined graphically,experimentally, or in any other desired manner and the results plottedon the diagrani---as, for instance, as follows: Reading 'from the loftend of the base-line the inion-advances one hundred and thirty-eightdegrees, and during such travel the internal gear will have, as thedevice is here proportioned, an angular movement of forty-eight degrees,(to `be read on a vertical line.) On the succeeding movement of thepinion between the lastmentioned p'oint on the horizontal line and adetermined point, here found to be the degree'- point H253, theresultant line of movement runs in parallelism with the base-line andwithout any rise vertically, thereby indicating that between thedegree-points 138 and 253 no advancing angular movement of the internalgear takes place, or, in other words, that said standstill. Again,starting from the lastmentioned point 253 on the horizontal line and upto the last degree of rotation of the inion the resultant line indicatesthat a furt 1er advancingmovement of the internal gear takes place, theamount of such angular movement being again read on the vertical linebetween the degree-marks 48 and l90 thereof, the proportional movementsof the pinion and the internal gear, respectively, being thus clearlyshown in the chart. It will be evident, since the actuator-cams have nowmade one complete rotation, that if the movement of the pinion iscontinued for another one hundred and thirty-eight degrees aproportionate movement of the internal gear, and consequently the samerlse of the resultant line that is shown in the beginning of thediagram, will result, the second rotation of the pinion affording a lineon the velocity and movement diagram for the angular movement of theinternal gear through the next ninety degrees identical with thatalready described, which relative movement will be repeated through thesuccessive rotations ofthe driving-pinion.

The horizontal portion of the resultant line is due to the sWin g of thetransmitter or intermediate 22 boilly around the axis of gear issubstantially at ay IOO ITO

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the shaft 18, which action may be explained -as follows: When theintermediate is held with its axis stationary, it is evident that duringa regular rotary movement 'of the pinion for three hundred and sixtydegrees a regular rotary movement 'of the internal gear for ninetydegrees will take place, the resultant rising line of which of course bestraight, as indicated by the dotted line zoV on the chart. On the otherhand, it is evident that when the intermediate is permitted to travelfreely and no obstacle is presented toits revolution around the axis ofthe shaft 18 the rotation of the latter .will have no according to theshape of the cam operating on said rocker and intermediate, aconstantadvancing rotary motion of the pinion may betransformed into anirregular, advancing', or even into a retreating movement of theinternal gear, it being evident, however, that the resultant ratioomovementfo'f pinion and internal gear under the given relations willalways be the same-that is, a rotation of three hundred and sixtydegreesof the pinion will produce a rotation of ninety degrees ofthe internalgear. v

Having described my invention, I claiim-T 1. The combination a and adriven member, relatively fixed supports on .which said members iaremounted with their respective axes of rot-ation disposed substantiallyparallel to each other, an intermediate for transmitting motion to thedriven member, means between said intermediate and driving member fortransmitting motion to the intermediate, and cam-actuated meanscontrolled by the driving member for moving the intermediate to and frowhile in its operative position.

2. The combination ofa and av driven member, relatively fixed supportson which said members are mounted with their respective axes of rotationydisposed substantially parallel to each other, an intermediate in meshwith the driven member, gearing betweenv said intermediate' and drivingmember for imparting motionto said intermediate, cam mechanism mountedon said drivin member, and means actuated thereby for moving -theintermediate to and fro.

' The combination of. a driving and a driven member, relatively iixedsupports on which said members are mounted with their respective axes ofrotation disposed substantia l y"parallel to each other, an intermediatedriven from the member and through member, and cam-controlled mechanismfor which motion isk transmitted to the driven moving the intermediateto and fro in a plane parallel with the plane of movement of the drivenmember. Y

@The Combination of adrieigfand a driven member, relatively nxedsupports on.

ing the intermediate to and fro in the plane of movement imparted to thedriven member.

former, and a cam-actuated rocker for mov- ^5.`Tl1e cbmbinati'on of adriving-gear and a driven gear having their respective axes of rotationdisposed substantially parallel to veach other, relatively Xed supportsfor said gears, an intermediate driven from the driv. ing-gear and inengagement with the driven gear, and cam-actuated means controlled bythe driving-gear Jfor moving the intermediate to and fro. v l,

6. Thecombination of a driving-shaft, a

gear fixed thereto, a driven shaft, anlinternalv .l

gear fast thereon, a gear in mesh with the gear on the driving-shaft apinion carried thereby, an4 intermediate in mesh with said pinion vandsaid driven gear, a rocker upon which the intermediate-is mounted,` andan actuator for oscillating the rocker toand iro.

7. The combination, with driving and driven members and relatively fixedsupports in which said members are mounted, of an intermediate betweensaid Y members; means for imparting motion to 'sald lnterme- ICO diate arocker supporting said intermediate and movable about the aXis of one ofsaid members; and a pair of actuators controlling the movements of therocker in opposite l'di' rections.`

ber, a gear mounted thereon, a driven mem- 'ber, and a gear mountedthereon, of an intermediate between said gears; gearing in' mesh withsaid intermediate and drivmg member for imparting motion to theintermediatea rocker supporting'said intermediate andpivotedconcentrically with\one 'of sald mem- `means for imparting motionto said interme' diate from said driving' member, 'a rocker supportingsaid intermediate and having a pair of actuating-arms; and meansforjengaging said arms at opposite sides andgposi- 8. The combination,.with a driving mem.-

tively controlling the movement of the -v rocker.

' 10.` The combination, with a drivingmembena-nd fwithla .driven member;of an intermedi-ate. between-said members; means .for impartmg motiontov said intermediate from 'said driving member, a rocker supporting.driving memberand engaging said arms for positively gloverning--themovement ot said rocker-ata points therein- 12; Thecombination with adriving member-and adriven member and relatively fixed supportsm which`the: driver and the driven member'y are mounted., ot an intermediatedriven from said driving member; a rocker y supporting said:intermediate and having a pair ot armsdisposedf on? opposite sides ofthe driving member; a pair 'ofcam-rollers mountedf onsaid arms; and a2pair of cams carried bythe-driving member andi engaging with saidrollers tonactuating said rocker and said intermediatef.

13;y The combination with a .driving mem.- ber and adriven-y member, ofanintermediate deriven-from ,said driving member; a rocker supportingsaid intermediate and having a pair of arms disposedon opposite-sides ofthe driving member; a,- pairoii'v adjustable camrollers. mountedxonsaid: arms; and a pair Iof cams carried by the driving member andengaging withA said: rollers for actuatingy said 'rocker andi said`intermediate.

14. The combination with a driving member fanda.- driven member, of. anintermediate driven remsaidedniving'V member; a rocker supportingsaid-intermediate and having a pai-r 'of arms disposedf on;- oppositesides of the drivingmemb'er; a.- pair offcam-rollerseccentrically'mounted 'on said arms; anda pair'of` cams carriedl bythe-'driving member and engag' g -with saids :rollers for actuating saidrocker andi said intermediate;

' 15. The combination With'a driving-shaft, a' gear-Wheel fast upon it,of a driven shaft, a larger'gear-.Wheel fast upon it, av gear in meshwith thegear .onthe'drivingshaf-t and carrying-'a pinion,anda-gear-between the-said` pinion and. the-gearj on .thedriven shaft, andmeans to rotate the said.y gearabout the axis of 'said pinion;

16=. The combination :of a,4 driving and a driven member, agear fastoneach, one ot i said gearsy having greater diameter than' the other, agear of a diameter equal to' that of the smaller of said gears and inmesh there-I opposite sides of said cams and carried bytheother of saidmembers.

18. The combination with a driving and adriven member, of a pair of camscarried by one of said members, said cams having oppositely-disposedcamfaces, a pair ofarms disposed on opposite sides of sa'idcams andcarried by the other of said members, and rollers eccentrically mountedon said arms for en'- gag'ing said cams` 19. The combination With adriving anda driven member, of a pair of cams carried: sby one of them,a pair 'of arms carried by theother of them and disposedl on oppositesides of said cams, and adjustable rolls: on said arms for contactingWith the-cams.

20. In a mechanical movement the combination with a driven shaft of aninternal gear fast thereon, aA pinion loose on said shat, a gear-Wheelin mesh With said pinion and said' internal gear, a gear-wheel fast withsaid pinion, a driving-shaft, a gear carried thereby and in mesh Withsaid last-mentioned geanapair of cams upon said driving-shaft, and meansconnected -to said intermediate gear and controlled by said cams forrocking the same about said pinion.

21. The combination of a driving-gear andi al driven gear, a pairotshafts supported in parallelism and each carrying one of said gears,an intermediate driven from the driving gear and in engagement with thedriven gear, a rocker on Whlch said intermediate is mounted, and anactuator comprising cam mechanism carried by the driving-shaft foroscillating the rocker to and fro.

22. The combination cfa driving-gear and a driven gear, a pair of shaftssupported inparallelism and each carrying one-v of said gears, anintermediate driven Jfrom the driving-gear and in engagement with thedriven gear', a rocker on which said intermediatel is 'mounted, and anactuator comprising cam mechanism carried by the driving-shaft foroscillating the rocker to and fro and formed to alternately neutralizethe drive and accelerate the same.

23. The combination of a driving and1 a driven shaft, a gear carried byeach of said shafts, an intermediate between said gears and in mesh withone of them and driven from the other, a rocker supporting saidintermediate and movable about the axis of yone of said shafts, and anactuator carried by IOO IIO

the other of said shafts and comprising cam mechanism for controllingthe movements of said rocker.

24. The combination of a driving-shaft, a driven shaft in parallelismtherewith, a gear mounted on each of said shafts, a gear in mesh withthe driving-gear and a gear rotatable therewith, an intermediate invmesh with said last-mentioned gear and with the driven gear, a rocker,and cam mechanism carried by the driving-shaft for actuating saidrocker.

25. The combination of a driving-shaft, a driven shaft in parallelismtherewith, a gear mounted on each of said shafts, a gear in mesh withthe driving-gear and a gear rotatable therewith, an intermediate in meshwith said last-mentioned gear and with the driven gear, a rocker movableon the driven shaft, and cam mechanism carried Iby the driving-shaft foractuatingsaid rocker.

v26. The combination of a driving-shaft, a driven shaft in parallelismtherewith, a gear mounted on each of said shafts, a gear in mesh with.the driving-gear and a gear rotatable therewith, ,an intermediate invmesh with said last-mentioned gear and with the driven gear, a rockersupported in axial alinement with said pair of rotatable gears, and cammechanism carried by the di iving-shaft for actuating said rocker.

27. The combination of a driving-shaft, a driven shaft in parallelismtherewith, a gear carried by each of said shafts, a pinion mounted onthe driven shaft, a gearfor transmitting motion from said driving-gearto said pinion, an intermediate for transmitting motion from said pinionto said driven gear, means for rolling the transmitter back and forthover said lpinion while in mesh therewith and comprising a rocker andcam mechanism, the latter carried by the driving-shalt.

28. The combination of a driving-gear and a driven gear supported withtheir axes in parallelism, an intermediate driven from the driving-gearand in mesh with the driven gear, a rocker carrying said intermediate,and cam mechanism supported in axial alinement with the driving-gear foractuating said rocker. l

-29. The combination of a driving-gear and a driven gear supported withtheir. axesin parallelism, an intermediate driven from the driving-gearand in mesh with the driven gear, a rocker carrying said intermediateand supported in axial alinement with the driven gear, and cam mechanismsupported in axial alinement with the driving-gear for actuating saidrocker.

The combination with a driving and a driven shaft, of an intermediatetransmission-train, comprising a web secured to the driven shaft andcarrying an internal gear, a pair of cams mounted on the driving-shaftand having oppositely-disposed faces, apinion meshing with said internalgear, a gear in -mesh with said pinion, a gear rotatable with said lastgear, a gear-wheel fast on the driving-shaft and meshing therewith, anda rocker having a pair of cam-engaging faces in engagement respectivelywith said cam-faces and actuated by one of these and limited in its freemovement by the other and carrying said pinion.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS.` Witnesses:

C. A. WEED,

CHAs. F. SCHMELZ.

